Disillusionment in Cohabiting and Married Couples: A National Study

Using a national sample of married (N = 752) and cohabiting (N = 323) couples, we examined the association between disillusionment and self-perceived break-up likelihood. Because disillusionment had not previously been studied in cohabiting couples, its extent and consequences for them were not known. We found considerable disillusionment in cohabiters, their mean level exceeding that of married couples. Based on a conceptual model of relationship change, we tested further whether disillusionment would predict self-perceived break-up likelihood, controlling for relationship satisfaction, commitment, and length. Further, based on assumptions about barriers to leaving different types of relationships, we examined whether disillusionment’s association with break-up likelihood would be stronger in cohabiting than married couples. Results supported disillusionment’s ability to predict perceived break-up likelihood, even with rigorous controls, and the greater strength of this association in cohabiters. In addition, we found a significantly positive partner effect: male partners’ disillusionment predicted female partners’ break-up likelihood.